Sections:

Trigonometric Identities and Equations, Page 2

Counterexample

Remember: to show an identity is true, you have to prove it for all values of a variable. In order to prove that an expression is false, you only need to show one value of the variable that doesn’t work. This is called a counterexample.

Sometimes you have trigonometric equations that are true for some values, but not for others.

When you provide a counterexample, you are looking for a value which results in an inequality instead of an equality.

Example:

Provide a counterexample that proves the equation 5.3.2 math 1 is not a trigonometric identity.

Procedure:

1. Simplify each side as much as possible using trigonometric identities where possible.

2. Find a value that can be substituted into the equation that makes it an inequality.

Solution: 

sine of theta times cosine of theta equals cosine of theta divided by sine of theta; (sine of theta)^2 times cosine of theta equals cosine of theta; (sine of theta)^2 = cosine of theta divided by cosine of theta; (sine of theta)^2 = 1

Find a value for θ so (sine of theta)^2 does not equal 1.
If theta = 30, sine of theta = 1/2 and (1/2)^2 = 1/4, not 1