Sections:

Graphing Trigonometric Functions, Page 5

Tangent Function

Math compass

The next trigonometric function to be graphed is the tangent function. The tangent function is a little different than the sine and cosine functions because it is undefined at certain points, and therefore, you need to be careful when graphing the function. When the table is created for the tangent function, there are smaller intervals along the x-axis of pi over 4 in order to really see what happens with 
f(x) = tan(x).

Look at the following table (Und. means undefined): 

x

negative three pi over two

negative five pi over four

negative pi

negative three pi over four

negative pi over two

negative pi over four

  0  

pi over four

pi over two

three pi over four

  Pi 

five pi over four

three pi over two

tan(x)

Und.

-1

0

1

Und.

-1

0

1

Und.

-1

0

1

Und.


Why are some of these values undefined? Take a look at x equals pi over two.
You need to go back to the Unit Circle:

unit circle showing an angle of pi over two

You know that tangent equals y over x

In this case: tangent of pi over two equals one over zero, which is undefined

Remember, you can’t have a zero in the denominator of a fraction.